The 1940s were marked by World War II, the deadliest conflict in human history. The end of the war signified a change in the political alignment and social structure of the globe. The Marshall Plan helped rebuild war-torn Europe, while the United States became the most influential economic power in the world. Germany was divided in two, and the Cold War began. The State of Israel was established, Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated, and Chairman Mao founded the People's Republic of China. Engineers at the University of Pennsylvania developed the world's first general-purpose electronic computer, and Percy Spencer invented the microwave oven. American troops of the 1st Infantry Division landing on Omaha Beach on D-Day (June 6, 1944). Glen Beck and the ENIAC, the first electronic general-purpose digital computer (ca. 1947). Mahatma Gandhi, assassinated on January 30, 1948. Mao Zedong proclaiming the establishment of the People's Republic of China (October 1, 1949). World War I